This question has been discussed and debated throughout church history and one’s interpretation of this passage depends significantly on whether one believes that these events took place in the first century (the Preterist view), or whether they describe events yet to come (the Futurist view).
The classic rapture theory is based on [whtooltip v="1 Thessalonians 4:17" q="Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up in the clouds together with them to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will be with the Lord forever."] and says that Christians will be “caught up in the air” with Christ and then head off to heaven for a period of time (between three and a half to seven years, depending on the interpretation). According to this theory, God “raptures” the church out of the world so that he can use this time to deal directly with the Jewish people to fulfill all remaining Old Testament covenantal promises.
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